Infections with Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar as Hidden and Prevalent Conditions in Periurban Communities in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Table 1

Distribution of Giardia duodenalis and E. histolytica/E. dispar infections in Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ, 2018.

Locality	Giardia duodenalis			E. histolytica/E. dispar			Any pathogenic protozoa
	Prevalence	Prevalence ratio	value	Prevalence	Prevalence ratio	value	Prevalence	Prevalence ratio	value
Papucaia	13/209 (6.2%)	1		26/209 (12.4%)	1		31/209 (14.8%)	1
Marubaí	6/90 (6.7%)	1.07 (0.42–2.73)	1	12/90 (13.3%)	1.07 (0.56–2.02)	0.850	15/90 (16.7%)	1.12 (0.63–1.97)	0.727
Ribeira	22/180 (12.2%)	1.96 (1.01–3.78)	0.049	26/180 (14.4%)	1.16 (0.70–1.92)	0.654	40/180 (22.2%)	1.49 (0.97–2.29)	0.066
Age group (years)
0–2	2/94 (2.1%)	1		4/94 (4.3%)	1		6/94 (6.4%)	1
3–6	17/154 (11%)	5.18 (1.22–21.95)	0.012	23/154 (14.9%)	3.50 (1.25–9.83)	0.010	32/154 (20.8%)	3.25 (1.41–7.49)	0.001
7–15	22/231 (9.5%)	4.47 (1.07–18.65)	0.019	37/231 (16%)	3.76 (1.38–10.26)	0.002	48/231 (20.8%)	3.25 (1.44–7.34)	<0.001
Income per capita per month (USD)
<44 USD^1	24/187 (12.8%)	2.18 (1.19–3.99)	0.011	31/187 (16.6%)	1.45 (0.91–2.30)	0.127	43/187 (23%)	1.56 (1.06–2.30)	0.026
≥44 USD^2	16/272 (5.9%)	1		31/272 (11.4%)	1		40/272 (14.7%)	1
Number of persons in the household
≤4	16/311 (5.1%)	1		30/311 (9.6%)	1		41/311 (13.2%)	1
>4	22/138 (15.9%)	3.09 (1.68–5.71)	<0.001	32/138 (23.2%)	2.40 (1.52–3.79)	<0.001	40/138 (29%)	2.19 (1.49–3.23)	<0.001
Gender
Male	21/250 (8.4%)	1		39/250 (15.6%)	1		49/250 (19.6%)	1
Female	20/229 (8.7)	1.03 (0.57–1.86)	1	25/229 (10.9%)	0.69 (0.43–1.11)	0.141	37/229 (16.2%)	0.82 (0.55–1.21)	0.342

USD 1 = BRL 4. 95% CI. ¹Poverty. ²Not poverty.