Is International Travel an Emerging Issue on Transmission of Beijing Lineage Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Table 1
Demographical, socioeconomic, and behavioural factors associated with Beijing lineage infection among TB patients diagnosed in a tertiary care hospital in Kandy, Sri Lanka, during February 2018–July 2019.
Variable
Total
TB patients with Beijing lineage strains
PR (95% C.I.)
N
n
(%)
94
24
(26)
Age groups (years)
15–34
27
10
(37)
Reference
35–64
58
13
(22)
0.61 (0.30–1.20)
≥65
9
1
(11)
0.30 (0.04–2.03)
Gender
Male
62
15
(24)
0.86 (0.42–1.75)
Female
32
9
(28)
Reference
Type of residency
Own house
92
23
(25)
Reference
Not own house
2
1
(50)
2.00 (0.48–8.36)
Out-of-country travel history
Not travelled
81
17
(21)
Reference
Travelled
13
7
(54)
2.57 (1.33–4.95)
Level of education
Up to primary
13
2
(15)
Reference
Secondary
59
13
(22)
1.43 (0.37–5.59)
High-school/university
22
9
(41)
2.66 (0.68–10.47)
Occupation
Professional
20
4
(20)
0.74 (0.25–2.19)
Labourer
34
7
(21)
0.76 (0.31–1.91)
Business
14
6
(43)
1.59 (0.66–3.82)
Not employed
26
7
(27)
Reference
Monthly income (LKR)
No income
27
8
(30)
1.85 (0.64–5.40)
≤10,000
25
4
(16)
Reference
>10000
42
12
(29)
1.79 (0.65–4.94)
Use of alcohol
Yes
45
11
(24)
0.92 (0.46–1.84)
No
49
13
(27)
Reference
Smoking
Yes
38
10
(26)
1.05 (0.52–2.12)
No
56
14
(38)
Reference
Row percentages. PR = prevalence ratio, C.I. = confidence interval, LKR = Sri Lankan rupees. Level of education: up to primary: grades 1–5, secondary: grades 6–11 (up to ordinary level examination), and high-school: grades 12-13 (up to advanced level examination). Occupation: labourer includes industry and estate labourers. Professional includes skilled workers in the following categories: government officers, hospital staff, tourist guidance, hotel management etc.
