In Vitro Antiplasmodial, Heme Polymerization, and Cytotoxicity of Hydroxyxanthone Derivatives

Table 1

The percentage of Plasmodium growth inhibition of hydroxyxanthone derivatives and chloroquine on P. falciparum 3D-7 and FCR-3.

Compound	Concentration (μM)	Growth inhibition of P. falciparum (%)
		Strain 3D-7	Strain FCR-3
1,6,8-Trihydroxyxanthone (HX1)	102.38	75.864 ± 0.471	73.671 ± 4.277
	51.19	69.033 ± 0.888	64.446 ± 0.671
	25.59	64.726 ± 0.861	60.171 ± 2.739
	12.8	61.479 ± 0.710	55.160 ± 3.588
	6.39	47.405 ± 5.857	50.894 ± 2.308
1,6-Dihidroxyxanthone (HX2)	876.42	90.560 ± 0.665	87.623 ± 2.239
	438.21	73.618 ± 0.713	74.226 ± 1.318
	219.11	67.164 ± 0.601	67.144 ± 2.757
	109.55	54.805 ± 2.433	50.248 ± 2.629
	54.78	49.172 ± 1.606	47.192 ± 0.687
1,5,6-Trihydroxyxanthone (HX3)	409.5	87.438 ± 1.154	82.978 ± 1.396
	204.75	80.923 ± 0.679	71.858 ± 7.842
	102.38	68.886 ± 0.151	51.920 ± 0.466
	51.19	63.400 ± 0.421	43.133 ± 0.126
	25.59	47.295 ± 0.611	38.265 ± 1.186
1-Hydroxy-5-chloroxanthone (HX4)	810.86	74.002 ± 0.923	72.933 ± 1.345
	405.43	64.513 ± 0.418	61.202 ± 3.024
	202.71	57.136 ± 1.574	56.371 ± 3.792
	101.36	50.963 ± 0.361	49.754 ± 3.361
	50.68	46.473 ± 0.800	47.388 ± 0.736
1,6-Dihydroxy-5-methylxanthone (HX5)	330.25	93.288 ± 0.956	84.664 ± 0.902
	165.13	75.364 ± 1.287	73.462 ± 1.596
	82.56	54.180 ± 1.574	46.519 ± 0.816
	41.28	45.041 ± 0.563	41.140 ± 0.396
	20.64	37.886 ± 0.441	33.632 ± 0.327
Chloroquine	0.037	97.766 ± 0.690	84.189 ± 2.449
	0.029	97.490 ± 0.517	82.599 ± 2.945
	0.023	96.581 ± 1.330	79.923 ± 3.863
	0.016	96.354 ± 1.131	78.570 ± 4.507
	0.008	54.415 ± 12.42	18.748 ± 9.233