The Potential use of a Curcumin-Piperine Combination as an Antimalarial Agent: A Systematic Review

Figure 3

The proposed modification of the Plasmodium life cycle. The navy-colored arrows represent the normal infective life cycle, while the red-colored arrows represent the defective life cycle due to the action of the curcumin-piperine combination. There is a possibility that the parasite development was disrupted at the initial or late stages of red blood cells (defective red blood cells), so it cannot infect other red blood cells.