Phytochemicals Analysis, In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Extracts, and Molecular Docking Studies of the Isolated Compounds from Melhania zavattarii Cufod Leaves

Table 1

Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the leaf extract of M. zavattarii.

Phytochemical tested	Test performed	Extracts
		n-hexane	CF	EtOAc	MeOH
Flavonoids	Alkaline (NaOH) reagent test; Lead acetate test	−	+	−	++
Alkaloids	Mayer’s and Wagner’s reagents	−	−	+	−
Tannins	5% ferric chloride test	−	−	−	++
Terpenoids	Salkowski test	++	++	−	+
Saponins	Froth and foam test	−	+	−	++
Free anthraquinone	Borntrager’s test	−	−	−	−
Phytosterols	Lieberman Bouchard test	+	+	+	+
Quinines	Ammonium hydroxide test	−	−	−	−
Phlobatannin	1% aqueous hydrochloric acid	−	+	−	−
Coumarin	Alcoholic NaOH test	−	+	−	+

Note. ++ = strong presence, + = moderate presence, − = absence, and CF = chloroform.