The Beneficial Effects of Valproic Acid in Thyroid Cancer Are Mediated through Promoting Redifferentiation and Reducing Stemness Level: An In Vitro Study

Table 1

Primer sequences for quantitative RT-PCR.

Gene	Accession number	Forward primer (5′-3′)	Reverse primer (5′-3′)	Size (bp)
HPRT	NM_000194	TGGACAGGACTGAACGTCTTG	CCAGCAGGTCAGCAAAGAATTTA	111
NIS	NM_000453	TGCGGGACTTTGCAGTACATT	TGCAGATAATTCCGGTGGACA	133
TTF-1	NM_001079668	AGCACACGACTCCGTTCTC	GCCCACTTTCTTGTAGCTTTCC	68
p21	NM_000389	CCTGTCACTGTCTTGTACCCT	GCGTTTGGAGTGGTAGAAATCT	130
OCT-4	NM_001173531	CTTGAATCCCGAATGGAAAGGG	GTGTATATCCCAGGGTGATCCTC	164
hTERT	NM_001193376	AACCTTCCTCAGCTATGCCC	GCGTGAAACCTGTACGCCT	210
PAX-8	NM_003466	TGGGGACTACAAACGCCAGA	GCTGTCCATAGGGAGGTTGAAT	163
c-MYC	NM_002467	CCACAGCAAACCTCCTCACAG	GCAGGATAGTCCTTCCGAGTG	105
MMP-2	NM_004530	CTTCCAAGTCTGGAGCGATGT	TACCGTCAAAGGGGTATCCAT	119
MMP-9	NM_004994	GGGACGCAGACATCGTCATC	TCGTCATCGTCGAAATGGGC	139

HPRT: Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1; NIS: sodium/iodide symporter; TTF1: thyroid transcription factor 1; p21: CIP1/WAF1; OCT-4: octamer-binding transcription factor 4; hTERT: human telomerase reverse transcriptase; PAX8: Paired box gene 8; c-MYC: v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog; MMP-2: matrix metallopeptidase 2; MMP-9: matrix metallopeptidase 9.