Significance of TNF-α and the Adhesion Molecules: L-Selectin and VCAM-1 in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Table 2

Significance of circulating levels of TNF-α, L-Selectin, and VCAM-1 in patients with benign thyroid diseases and PTC.

Subjects	TNF-α		L-Selectin		VCAM-1
	M ± SE (pg/mL)		M ± SE (pg/mL)		M ± SE (pg/mL)
Healthy individuals ()	2.16 ± 0.37		11.87 ± 4.38		161.90 ± 30.02
Benign thyroid diseases ()	14.45 ± 1.95	<	2064.13 ± 104.09	<	771.48 ± 42.83	<0.001
Papillary thyroid carcinoma ()	49.37 ± 11.73	<	3028.03 ± 202.26	<	777.91 ± 39.36	<
				<

Significance between benign thyroid diseases and healthy individuals.
^†Significance between PTC and healthy individuals.
^‡Significance between PTC and benign thyroid diseases.