Research Article

Validation of a Survey Questionnaire on Organ Donation: An Arabic World Scenario

Table 2

Description of questionnaire items/constructs.

Knowledge about organ donationNumber of itemsDescriptions

What does organ/tissue/blood donation mean to you?1Transfer of tissues or organ from a dead body to a patient; transfer of tissues or organ from a dead body to a patient in need; transfer of tissues/blood/organs from a living to a patient in need; all the above (coded: 1, 2, 3, 4).

What organs/tissues can be donated?12Kidney; heart; liver; lungs; pancreas; intestine; blood; cornea of the eyes; skin; bone marrow; bone; all the above (coded: yes = 1/no = 0).

There is a donor registry in Qatar where people register during their life to donate organs after death1Have you heard about it (coded: yes = 1/no = 0).

At what age can an individual register for organ donation?3At any age; 18 years and above; do not know (coded: correct = 1/incorrect = 0).

Death could mean1The heart is not beating and there is no breathing; brain death in which the heart is beating with the help of ventilator to keep breathing; I do not know; other (coded: correct = 1/incorrect = 0).

Does your religion allow organ donation?1Religion allow: (coded: yes = 1/no = 0/do not know = 0).

Do you know anyone who has donated an organ?1Family member; friend; colleague; no one; other (coded: yes = 1/no = 0).

Do you know that during life an individual can donate a part of his liver to his relative?1Can donate part of liver (coded: yes = 1/no = 0).

Do you know that donating a part of your liver is a risk to your health?1Donating part of liver is a risk (coded: yes = 2/no = 0/may be = 1/do not know = 0).

Do you know that you can donate one of your two kidneys during your life, to another person?1Can donate one kidney during your life (coded: yes = 1/no = 0).

Do you know that donating a kidney is safe?1Donating kidney is safe (coded: yes = 2/no = 0/may be = 1/do not know = 0).

Do you know the Qatar organ donation law and policy6Prohibits any buying or selling of organs; provides access to transplant facility for all nationalities equally; gives donated organs from deceased donors to the first person on the waiting list regardless of nationality; puts no pressure on the deceased donor family or living donor to donate; all live donors in Qatar are provided with health insurance for life; all families of the deceased in Qatar will receive social support if they need it (coded: yes = 1/no = 0).

AttitudesNumber of itemsDescriptions

Organ donation is a good thing and should be promoted1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Registering as organ donor could save somebody’s life1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Qatari as well as non-Qatari residents should be automatically included on the organ donor register of Qatar, with the ability to refuse if they wish1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

I am willing to register as an organ donor, if my family would have no objection to allowing donation of my organs at the time of my death1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

If I knew more about what is organ transplant and how it is done1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

If more information was available about the viewpoint of my religion with regard to organ donation1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

If I knew where I could register1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Behavioral beliefsNumber of itemsDescriptions

I think my donation whether living or after death is going to impact my life after death in a good way1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Organ donation is an act which will be rewarded by God1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

In case of an emergency, doctors will not provide enough care if the patient is registered organ donor1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Organ retrieval process after death may cause body disfigurement1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Organ donation will increase if social support is provided to family of the deceased regardless of whether they donate or not1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Normative beliefs/subjective normsNumber of itemsDescriptions

To register as an organ donation, you will take the opinion6Family member; my community; religious leader; friend; other (yes/no).

Control beliefs/perceived behavioral controlNumber of itemsDescriptions

You do not find many opportunities to register as organ donor in Qatar1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Organ donor registration is time consuming process (asked only if registered in Qatar)1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

While registering for organ donation, you may not get answer for all your questions1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

You are not healthy to donate1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Your age is not fit for donating your organ donation1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Operation procedure for procuring organs is discouraging1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Live donationNumber of itemsDescriptions

You are worried that organ donation might leave you weak and disabled1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

I do not trust the health care system in Qatar and it is better to go abroad for organ donation and organ transplantation1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Donation after deathNumber of itemsDescriptions

Emotions of your family members while organs are being taken make you feel concerned1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Intentions to Organ donationNumber of itemsDescriptions

Are you willing to register as an organ/tissue donor1Willingness (yes/no).

Which organ/tissue will you prefer to donate?1Kidney; blood; heart; eyes; liver; skin; lungs; bone marrow; all the above (yes/no).

Do you have religious leader who you trust?1Religious leader (yes/no).

Would you consider organ donation after discussion with a religious leader?1Discussion with religious leader (yes/no).

Would you consider donating organ more seriously if you are approached by an organization you could trust1Agreement with (coded: strongly agree = +2 to strongly disagree = −2).

Note. (1) Questionnaire also includes questions on demographic variables, age, known language, gender, resident permit, nationality, occupation income, religion, total number of dependent family members, level of education, and duration of living in Qatar; (2) some items codes were reverted for factor analysis (PCA).