The Inflammatory Response to Miniaturised Extracorporeal Circulation: A Review of the Literature

Table 1

Summary of the important papers on the inflammatory response to MECC.

Author	Summary
Immer et al. [11]	1,053 MECC patients included.
	Reduced troponin levels in MECC.
	Reduced postoperative IL-6 and SC5b-9 in MECC.
	Lower levels of postoperative atrial fibrillation in MECC.
	Earlier extubation and shorter ICU stay with MECC.
Van Boven et al. [12]	184 participants.
	Reduced need for transfusion in MECC.
	Lower levels of MDA, allantoin/urate ratio in MECC.
Van Boven et al. [13]	20 participants.
	Lower levels of CC16 in MECC.
Prasser et al. [14]	20 participants.
	No difference in liver function tests or indocyanine green metabolism between MECC and CECC groups.
Remadi et al. [15]	400 participants.
	Higher CRP levels in the CECC group at 24 and 48 hours.
	Greater haemoglobin/haematocrit in MECC.
	Reduced need for transfusion in MECC.
	Lower postoperative troponin levels in MECC.
	Increased incidence of renal failure and haemofiltration with CECC.
	Increased incidence of focal neurological deficits with CECC.
	No difference in length of intubation/ICU stay.
Fromes et al. [16]	60 participants.
	Reduced IL-6, TNF-𝛼, and neutrophil elastase in MECC.
	No difference in IL-1𝛽 or 𝛽-thromboglobulin between MECC and CECC.
	Higher levels of S100B in the CECC group.
Ohato et al. [17]	30 participants.
	Lower neutrophil elastase and IL-8 in MECC.
	No difference in white cell count, CRP, or IL-6 between MECC and CECC.
	Reduced need for blood transfusion with MECC.
Beghi et al. [18]	60 participants.
	No difference in white cell count, CRP, or IL-6 levels between MECC and CECC.
Mazzei et al. [19]	300 participants.
	No difference in IL-6, creatine kinase, and S100 between MECC and OPCAB groups.
Wiesenack et al. [20]	970 participants.
	Higher peak intraoperative lactate levels in CECC.
	Greater haemoglobin levels and lower transfusion rates in MECC.
	No difference in duration of intubation, ICU stay, or hospital stay between MECC and CECC.
	Greater incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation, low cardiac output, renal failure, dialysis, pneumonia, reintubation, defibrillation, and rethoractomy in CECC.
Farneti et al. [21]	20 participants.
	Lower postoperative monocyte count, percentage of monocyte-platelet aggregates, and monocyte-platelet adhesion index in MECC.
	Higher prothrombin fragments and thrombin-antithrombin III complexes in CECC.
	No difference in IL-6, TNF-𝛼, and 𝛽-thromboglobulin levels between MECC and CECC.