Regulatory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Monocyte/Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses

Figure 2

Effect of CA on the production of NO and surface upregulation of costimulatory molecules and pattern recognition receptors in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. RAW264.7 cells ($2\times {10}^6$ cells/ml) were incubated with concentrations of CA in the presence of LPS (1 $\mu$g/ml) for 24 h (NO), 12 h (costimulatory molecules and pattern recognition receptors), or 24 h (cytoprotective effect). NO levels (a) in culture supernatant were determined by Griess assay. Surface levels of CD40, CD69, CD80, CD86, dectin-1, TLR2, TLR4, SR, and CR3 were determined by flow cytometric analysis. The viability of RAW264.7 cells was determined by MTT assay. ${}_{}{}^{*}P<.05$ and ${}_{}{}^{**}P<.01$ represent significant difference compared to LPS alone.

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