Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: Critical Role in Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Associated Comorbidities

Table 1

Relationship between plasma MIF concentrations and body mass index in human studies. Studies are listed on basis of increasing body mass index (BMI). The plasma MIF concentration is provided together with the number of male (m) and female (f) participants and the major effects observed. NS: not specified.

Average BMI	Gender (m; f)	MIF conc (ng/mL)	Effect observed	Reference
22.6 versus 37.5	19; 21	1.2 versus 2.8	Positive correlation of BMI with plasma MIF conc. and MIF mRNA of MNC	[10]
22.6 versus 40.0	16; 16	1.3 versus 3.3	No correlation of plasma MIF with BMI and FFA; pos. correlation with HOMA	[11]
18–25 versus 30–48	0; 46	0.5 versus 1.9	Positive correlation with BMI	[12]
43.0	23; 48	8.4	MIF decreased with weight loss MIF conc. elevated in women with HRT	[13]
32.5 to 30.6	0; 31	16.0 to 5.4	MIF conc. decreased with weight loss	[14]
46.7	5; 22	0.2	MIF conc. increased with weight loss	[15]
27 versus 37	females	NS	MIF production of adipose tissue is positively correlated with BMI	[22]
36	34	NS	mRNA conc positively associated with adipocyte diameter	[23]