Immunomodulatory Effects of Aerobic Training in Obesity

Table 1

Clinical characteristics such as age, weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), body fat, and individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) in all probands including baseline and posttraining parameters. Measured cytokines-serum levels in pg/ml or ng/ml include pre training and post training parameters. Cytokines in all groups decreased compared to pre training. Significant 𝑃 values are marked in bold. Statistical analysis of the different time-points (intra group-analysis) was performed using the Wilcoxon Test; the comparison of the different groups with each other (inter group analysis) was done by using the Mann-Whitney 𝑈 Test.

	ONE (𝑛=15) age 40±6 years <40 km/week			LNE (𝑛=16) age 40±6 years <40 km/week			LE (𝑛=16) age 40±7 years >55 km/week
Clinical characteristics	Pre	Post	𝑃	Pre	Post	𝑃	Pre	Post	𝑃
Weight (kg)	99±11.9	97.6±12.2	< .𝟎𝟓	79.6±8	78.5±9	< .𝟎𝟓	75.7±11.5	74.4±11	< .𝟎𝟓
BMI (kg/m^2)	30±2	29±2	< .𝟎𝟓	25±2	24±2	.𝟎𝟔	23±2	22±1	< .𝟎𝟏
WC (cm)	106±5	103±7	< .𝟎𝟓	87±8	86±7	.𝟒𝟕	83±8	81±7	< .𝟎𝟓
Body Fat (%)	27±3	24±3	.𝟎𝟓𝟖	17±5	15±4	< .𝟎𝟏	13±4	11±2	< .𝟎𝟓
IAT (km/h)	10.6±0.8	11.1±1	< .𝟎𝟏	11.6±1	12,1±1	< .𝟎𝟏	13.6±1.4	14.1±1	< .𝟎𝟏
Cytokines-serum levels
TNF-α (pg/mL)	1.62±3.1	1.12±2.3	n.s.	1.19±2.9	0.77±2.1	n.s.	0.55±1.7	0.22±0.8	n.s.
IL-6 (pg/mL)	1.43±1.5	1.68±1.4	n.s.	1.24±1.8	1.52±2.4	n.s.	0.72±0.5	0.44±0.3	< .𝟎𝟓
oxLDL (ng/mL)	272.6+403.0	65.5+57.3	< .𝟎𝟓	83.1+39.3	186.3+202.7	n.s.	76.6+41.4	243.9+204.4	< .𝟎𝟏
Adiponectin (ng/mL)	5465.5+2999	5932.5+3131	n.s.	5972.2+2999	7355.1+3399	n.s.	7642.4+3574	8219.6+3855	n.s.