A Comparative In Vitro Study of the Effects of Separate and Combined Products of Citrus e fructibus and Cydonia e fructibus on Immunological Parameters of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Table 2

Differences in mean cytokine scores after one-day PBMC cultures in the SAR group, healthy group, and total group (grass pollen stimulation minus medium stimulation).

		Citrus	Cydonia	Citrus/Cydonia	Citrus versus Cydonia 𝑃value	Citrus versus Citrus/Cydonia 𝑃 value	Cydonia versus Citrus/Cydonia 𝑃 value
IL-1β*	SAR	8.2 (7.0)	20.6 (5.0)	14.6 (8.9)	𝑃<0.05	n.s.	n.s.
	Healthy	2.4 (2.3)	17.6 (6.7)	18.8 (8.0)	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	n.s.
	Total group	5.3 (5.8)	19.1 (5.8)	16.7 (8.3)	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.01
IL-10	SAR	64.0 (14.4)	59.2 (10.1)	54.0 (8.2)	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
	Healthy	53.0 (15.2)	65.2 (14.4)	69.6 (3.9)	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
	Total group	58.5 (15.1)	62.2 (12.1)	61.8 (10.2)	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
TNF-α	SAR	94.8 (9.0)	182.2 (15.2)	162.8 (37.4)	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.05	n.s.
	Healthy	105.6 (25.2)	160.2 (13.2)	143.2 (23.9)	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.05	n.s.
	Total group	100.2 (18.7)	171.2 (17.7)	153.0 (31.3)	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.001
IFN-γ	SAR	3.0 (1.9)	6.8 (1.1)	6.0 (1.2)	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	n.s.
	Healthy	3.0 (1.6)	6.0 (1.4)	5.4 (1.1)	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.05	n.s.
	Total group	3.0 (1.6)	6.4 (1.3)	5.7 (1.2)	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.001
IL-10/; TNF-α	SAR	0.7 (0.1)	0.3 (0.1)	0.4 (0.1)	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.01	n.s.
	Healthy	0.5 (0.2)	0.4 (0.1)	0.5 (0.1)	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
	Total group	0.6 (0.2)	0.4 (0.1)	0.4 (0.1)	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01

* The mean score (SD) in pg/mL is presented for all cytokine measurements; n.s., not significant.