Nuclear Localization of COX-2 in relation to the Expression of Stemness Markers in Urinary Bladder Cancer

Table 3

Expression of Oct3/4 and CD44v6 in urinary bladder cancer patients positive and negative for COX-2 expression.

Risk factor	Stemness marker	^#IHC grading	COX-2 expression		Nuclear localization of COX-2
			Negative case	Positive case	Negative case	Positive case
S. haematobium infection (SH+)	Oct3/4	−	5	3	8	0
		+	8	9	10	7
		++	0	2	0	2
		+++	0	6	0	6
		* P-value	𝑃=0.060		𝑃=0.001
	CD44v6	−	9	10	10	9
		+	2	7	5	4
		++	1	3	2	2
		+++	1	0	1	0
		𝑃-value	𝑃=0.320		𝑃=0.826
No S. haematobium infection (SH−)	Oct3/4	−	3	27	4	26
		+	1	9	2	8
		++	0	0	0	0
		+++	0	0	0	0
		𝑃-value	P=1.00		𝑃=0.609
	CD44v6	−	2	1	3	0
		+	2	9	3	8
		++	0	15	0	15
		+++	0	11	0	11
		𝑃-value	𝑃=0.002		𝑃<0.001

^#IHC grade was assigned to each specimen according to the degree of staining as described in Materials and Methods.
SH: S. haematobium infection.
* P values were calculated by Chi-square test.