Urinary Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Serves as a Potential Biomarker for Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Pyelonephritis

Figure 1

The urinary MIF level is markedly elevated in the presence of AKI in patients with kidney infections. The concentrations of MIF, IL-1β, and KIM-1 in the urine were measured by ELISA and were normalized based on the urinary creatinine (Cr) levels. The urinary levels of MIF (uMIF/Cr) (a), IL-1β (uIL-1β/Cr) (b), and KIM-1(uKIM-1/Cr) (c) were measured in APN patients with (𝑛=13) or without (𝑛=26) AKI and in normal controls (𝑛=12). Data are the means SD.^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001, and^∗𝑃<0.05.

(a)

(b)

(c)