Low Dose Theophylline Showed an Inhibitory Effect on the Production of IL-6 and IL-8 in Primary Lung Fibroblast from Patients with COPD

Figure 4

The effect of theophylline on the lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production in primary human lung fibroblasts. Data were obtained from 8 independent cell lines. The cells were cultured for 48 h at the absence or presence of 1 μg/mL LPS, and the effect of theophylline at the concentration of 5 μg/mL was analyzed. The production of IL-6 (a) and IL-8 (b) was quantitated by ELISA. The results were expressed as mean±SD in picograms per milliliter. 𝑃<0.05, when statistics were performed among −LPS/−Theo, +LPS/−Theo, and +LPS/+Theo. *𝑃<0.05, **𝑃<0.01, and ***𝑃<0.001, when results between two different treatments were compared. LPS: lipopolysaccharide; IL: interleukin; Theo: theophylline.

(a)

(b)