Ceruloplasmin and the Extent of Heart Failure in Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy Patients

Table 3

Baseline characteristics of patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy.

	Nonischemic cardiomyopathy (124)
	NYHA II (21)	NYHA III (71)	NYHA IV (32)	𝑃 value
Age (year)	68.52±16.23	63.69±15.49	70.00±13.32	0.110
Male sex [𝑛 (%)]	10 (47.6%)	42 (59.2%)	13 (40.6%)	0.195
Smoking [𝑛 (%)]	5 (23.8%)	24 (33.8%)	6 (18.8%)	0.258
Alcohol [𝑛 (%)]	4 (19.0%)	15 (21.1%)	3 (9.4%)	0.347
Hypertension [𝑛 (%)]	12 (57.1%)	34 (47.9%)	19 (59.4%)	0.498
Diabetes mellitus [𝑛 (%)]	4 (19.0%)	7 (9.9%)	7 (21.9%)	0.225
BMI (kg/m^2)	21.56 ± 3.11	21.29±5.68	20.12±7.41	0.639
ALT (U/L)	17.33 ± 12.50	27.60±26.02	48.69±88.41	0.052
AST (U/L)	23.14±6.98	31.14±22.77	59.84±102.72	0.024*
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	165.81±50.27	154.94±39.12	151.65±39.59	0.460
LDL-C (mg/dL)	94.52±40.68	90.74±28.34	89.23±30.50	0.832
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	123.05±77.44	112.51±60.00	104.13±44.42	0.537
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.83±0.25	0.95±0.40	1.01±0.47	0.292
Uric acid (mg/dL)	5.92±1.82	6.96±2.04	7.71±3.55	0.044*
CK (IU/L)	93.70±84.26	90.88±135.05	124.97±133.91	0.451
CK-MB (IU/L)	10.26±3.72	13.05±6.50	17.17±7.89	0.001*
Troponin I (ng/mL)	0.02±0.01	0.13±0.77	0.77±3.25	0.213
CRP (mg/L)	4.98±4.43	9.11±12.07	27.43±45.96	0.002*
Homocysteic acid (μmol/L)	15.11±5.10	17.65±12.10	17.25±7.89	0.609
LVEF (%)	61.53±8.54	47.14±15.73	46.80±31.06	0.022*
LVIDd (cm)	5.09±0.93	5.68±1.08	5.74±1.24	0.101
LA (cm)	4.23±0.52	4.47±1.11	4.63±1.00	0.434
Cardiac tonic [𝑛 (%)]	6 (28.6%)	40 (56.3%)	22 (68.8%)	0.017*
Diuretic [𝑛 (%)]	7 (33.3%)	64 (90.1%)	30 (93.8%)	<0.001*
Nitrate [𝑛 (%)]	9 (42.9%)	49 (69.0%)	25 (78.1%)	0.024*
ACEI/ARB [𝑛 (%)]	15 (71.4%)	64 (90.1%)	27 (84.4%)	0.099
Beta blockers [𝑛 (%)]	12 (57.1%)	53 (74.6%)	18 (56.2%)	0.107
CCB [𝑛 (%)]	7 (33.3%)	12 (16.9%)	10 (31.2%)	0.140
Aspirin/clopidogrel [𝑛 (%)]	12 (57.1%)	40 (56.3%)	18 (56.2%)	0.998
Statins [𝑛 (%)]	5 (23.8%)	14 (19.7%)	4 (12.5%)	0.542

ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: body mass index; CCB: calcium channel blocker; CK: creatinine kinase; CK-MB: creatinine kinase-MB; CRP: C-reactive protein; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LA: left atrium; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF: left-ventricular ejection fraction; LVIDd: left-ventricular internal diameter at end diastole.
* 𝑃<0.05 among NYHA II, NYHA III, and NYHA IV subgroups.