Ethyl Pyruvate Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis and Autophagy

<table>Effect of ethyl pyruvate on regulation of autophagy. (a) The expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 on cDNA level was detected by real-time PCR (<svg height="17.825001" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-3.276pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 69.150002 17.825001" width="69.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> for saline VS saline + I/R, <svg height="19.65" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-3.276pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 70.224998 19.65" width="70.224998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> for saline + I/R VS I/R + EP (80 mg/kg)). (b) The expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 on protein level was detected by western blot. (c) Immunohistochemistry staining showed the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 protein in liver tissue at 8 h. Original magnifications: ×200. (d) Electron microscopy showed the ultrastructure and autophagosomes (“→” indicated the autophagosomes) at 8 h. Original magnifications: ×10000. (e) Effect of ethyl pyruvate on the expression of HMGB1 and Bcl-2 was detected by western blot at three time points.</table>

Mediators of Inflammation

fig3

Figure 3

Figure 3: Ethyl Pyruvate Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis and Autophagy 