Hmgb1-IL-23-IL-17-IL-6-Stat3 Axis Promotes Tumor Growth in Murine Models of Melanoma
Figure 1
A defect in IL-17 inhibits tumor development. Mice were inoculated s.c. with tumor cells, and tumor sizes were monitored. (a) Wild-type mice and IL-17−/− mice were inoculated with B16-F10 tumor cells (). (b) Wild-type mice were treated i.v. with Ad-IL-17 or Ad-GFP (109 PFU/mouse) or left untreated (none). Two days later, the mice were inoculated with B16-F10 tumor cells, and tumor growth was monitored (). (c) Wild-type mice were inoculated with B16-F10 tumor cells and injected i.p. with normal rat-IgG or a rat anti-mouse IL-17 mAb (100 μg/mouse) on days 0, 1, 6, 10, and 14 (). Control mice were left untreated (none). (d) CD11b+Gr-1+ MDSCs in the spleen, blood, and tumor samples from tumor-bearing mice inoculated with B16-F10 tumor cell 2 weeks ago were analyzed by FACS (). (e) MDSCs were purified from spleens of B16 tumor-bearing mice and stimulated overnight with LPS. CD11b+ cells from naïve tumor-free mice were treated with LPS and served as controls. mRNA levels were determined by realtime RT-PCR and normalized to -actin in each sample (). The data show means ± SEM of tumor size and are representative of three independent experiments. .
