Biphasic Modulation of NOS Expression, Protein and Nitrite Products by Hydroxocobalamin Underlies Its Protective Effect in Endotoxemic Shock: Downstream Regulation of COX-2, IL-1, TNF-, IL-6, and HMGB1 Expression
Figure 2
HOCbl protects mice against experimental endotoxaemia. In (a) and (b) mice ( and 7, resp.) were treated with HOCbl or GSCbl or NAC-Cbl following two distinct protocols, in addition to being injected with LPS (0.1 mg/kg i.p.) + D-Galactosamine (1 g/kg i.p.). Impact on lethality was followed for a total of 5 days. (a) Cobalamins were administered at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg i.p. −1 h, +1 h, +2 h, +6 h, and +22 h and compared to controls given LPS+D-Galactosamine injection alone (Time 0 h). for GSCbl/NAC-Cbl and + for HOCbl when tested against LPS+D = Gal (), using the Chi-square or Kaplan-Meier tests. (b) Cobalamins were administered at a dose of 40 mg/kg i.p. +2 h and +6 h and compared to controls given LPS + D-Galactosamine injection alone (Time 0 h). for NAC-Cbl and + for GSCbl/HOCbl, when tested against LPS+D-Gal (), using the Chi-square or Kaplan-Meier tests.
