High-Mobility Group Box-1 Induces Decreased Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Mediated Neuroprotection in the Diabetic Retina

Table 1

Comparisons of mean levels for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in serum samples.

Disease group	BDNF; (ng/mL); (mean ± s.d)	HMGB1; (ng/mL); (mean ± s.d)	MCP-1; (pg/mL); (mean ± s.d)	sICAM; (ng/mL); (mean ± s.d)	sRAGE; (pg/mL); (mean ± s.d)	TBARS; (𝜇M); (mean ± s.d)
PDR	10.2 ± 7.7	4.4 ± 2.1	267.34 ± 174.0	205.2 ± 99.1	898.1 ± 536.9	29.0 ± 20.7
RD	16.7 ± 10.3	2.2 ± 1.4	267.29 ± 187.7	157.0 ± 45.7	589.7 ± 320.9	17.2 ± 6.1
Mean comparison 𝑃-value	0.015*	<0.001*	0.836	0.019*	0.008*	0.011*

∗Statistically significant at 5% level of significance.
PDR: proliferative diabetic retinopathy; RD: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.