Cytokines and Chemokines in Irritant Contact Dermatitis

Figure 1

Immunological mechanisms in irritant contact dermatitis. Following irritant insult, there is disruption of the epidermal barrier with release of proinflammatory mediators, that is, IL-1 and TNF-α. This results in stimulation of further cytokine and chemokines production, for example, by keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, upregulation of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, and the subsequent recruitment of leucocytes thereby perpetuating ongoing inflammation.