Diagnostic Value of Dynamics Serum sCD163, sTREM-1, PCT, and CRP in Differentiating Sepsis, Severity Assessment, and Prognostic Prediction

Table 1

Clinical and biological data at admission in ICU according to the diagnosis of sepsis and its severity.

Characteristics	All SIRS	All sepsis	P value	Sepsis	Severe sepsis	Septic shock	P value
	𝑁=30	𝑁=100		𝑁=36	𝑁=35	𝑁=29
Age (years)	52.2±20.4	58.9±19.5	0.105	57.2±19.9	55.3±18.5	65.4±19.1	0.094
Gender (𝑛, %)			0.091				0.753
Male	15 (50)	67 (67)		23 (63.9)	23 (65.7)	21 (72.4)
Female	15 (50)	33 (33)		13 (36.1)	12 (34.3)	8 (27.6)
Temperature (°C)	37.2±0.6	37.8±1.3	<0.001	37.9±1.1	38.0±1.1	37.4±1.6	0.112
APACHE II score	11.0±7.0	13.4±6.1	<0.001	12.7±6.4	18.4±7.2	23.1±5.4	<0.001
SOFA score	—	7.8±4.4	—	4.7±3.0	7.3±3.6	12.1±3.0	<0.001
MV (𝑛, %)	23 (76.7)	80 (80)	0.693	24 (66.7)	29 (82.9)	27 (93.1)	0.026
CRRT (𝑛, %)	1 (3.3)	22 (22)	0.019	7 (19.4)	8 (22.9)	7 (24.1)	0.892
Possible etiological factors (𝑛, %)
Pulmonary infection	—	83 (83)	—	30 (83.3)	32 (91.4)	21 (74.2)	0.129
Abdominal infection	—	18 (18)	—	6 (16.7)	3 (8.6)	9 (31)	0.064
Urinary tract infection	—	24 (24)	—	11 (30.6)	6 (17.1)	7 (24.1)	0.417
Trauma/postoperative infection	—	31 (31)	—	12 (33.3)	10 (28.6)	9 (31)	0.154
Bacteremia	—	23 (23)	—	12 (33.3)	7 (20)	4 (13.8)	0.091
Catheter-related infections	—	13 (13)	—	10 (27.8)	1 (2.9)	2 (6.9)	0.004
Others	—	4 (4)	—	0 (0)	1 (2.9)	3 (10.3)	0.074
Pathogens detected
Gram-positive bacteria	—	37 (37)	—	15 (41.7)	8 (22.9)	14 (48.3)	0.085
Gram-negative bacteria	—	81 (81)	—	31 (86.1)	28 (80.0)	22 (75.9)	0.568
Fungi	—	62 (62)	—	25 (69.4)	21 (60.0)	16 (55.2)	0.471
Predisposing factors (𝑛, %)
Hypertension	9 (30)	41 (41)	0.277	13 (36.1)	18 (51.4)	10 (34.5)	0.295
Diabetes	2 (6.7)	16 (16)	0.319	3 (8.3)	7 (20)	6 (20.7)	0.261
COPD	0 (0)	14 (14)	0.067	6 (16.7)	3 (8.6)	5 (17.2)	0.493
Coronary heart disease	3 (10)	17 (17)	0.54	4 (11.1)	3 (8.6)	10 (34.5)	0.016
Immunosuppressed condition	0 (0)	11 (11)	0.127	3 (8.3)	8 (22.9)	0 (0)	0.004
Nervous system disease	0 (0)	12 (12)	0.103	5 (13.9)	2 (5.7)	5 (17.2)	0.304
CKD	1 (3.3)	8 (8)	0.636	4 (11.1)	2 (5.7)	2 (6.9)	0.687
28-day mortality rate (𝑛, %)	2 (5.0)	43 (43.0)	𝑃<0.001	6 (16.7)	17 (48.6)	20 (69)	𝑃<0.001

Quantitative data of normal distribution are presented as mean ± SD. Quantitative data of nonnormal distribution are presented as median (interquartile range). Qualitative data are presented as n (%).
RICU: respiratory intensive care unit; SICU: surgical intensive care unit; EICU: emergency intensive care unit; MV: mechanical ventilation; CRRT: continuous renal replacement treatment; APACHE II score: acute physiologic assessment and chronic health evaluation II scores; SOFA score: sequential organ failure assessment scores; CKD: chronic kidney disease.