A Novel Rose Hip Preparation with Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effects

Table 1

Constituents of RH-A and RH-B.

Constituent [mg/kg]	RH-A; (with seeds)	RH-B; (without seeds)
GLGPG^1	114	210
MGDG^2	71	120
DGDG^3	1220	1900
Betulinic acid^4	662	1078
Betulinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acid	1060	1711
Vitamin C	3146	3182
Vitamin E	129	212
Total carotenoids	190	250
-Carotene	36	36
Lycopene	89	137
Total fatty acid	32810	7360
Linoleic acid	16390	2230
EPA	<LOD^5	80
DHA	<LOD	60

Galacto-lipid (2S)-1, 2-di-O-[(9Z, 12Z, 15Z)-octadeca-9, 12, 15-trienoyl]-3-O--D-galactopyranosyl glycerol.
²Mono-galactosyl diglyceride.
³Di-galactosyl diglyceride.
⁴Betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, and ursolic acid were determined according to a validated in-house method; vitamin C and vitamin E were analyzed according to the official methods EN14130 and EN12822, respectively; linoleic acid, EPA, and DHA were measured according to the official method of ISO 12966-2.
⁵Limits of detection.