A Novel Rose Hip Preparation with Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effects

Table 3

Effects of RHP on gene expression in stimulated PBL (cultured for 12 h). LPS/IFN--stimulated cells were cultured with 125–500 μg/mL RHP for 12 h and gene expression was quantified by RT-PCR. Fold changes were calculated as indicated in Materials and Methods. Values for (LPS/IFN--stimulated) cells and (500 μg/mL RHP + LPS/IFN--stimulated) cells are given.

Gene	LPS/IFN-	LPS/IFN- + RH-A (500 μg/mL)		LPS/IFN- + RH-B (500 μg/mL)		RH-A versus RH-B
	Fold change	Fold change	value^a	Fold change	value
COX-2	83	107	0.061	81	0.739	NS^b
TNF-	83	55	0.006	42	0.001	NS
IL-1	3513	1347	<0.001	859	<0.001	NS
IL-1	1460	538	<0.001	410	<0.001	NS
IL-6	15928	9261	0.058	3656	<0.001	0.04
CCL5/RANTES	1	0.8	0.070	0.8	0.054	NS
CXCL8/IL-8	13	15	0.418	28	<0.001	0.03
CXCL10/IP-10	187	1	<0.001	<LOD^c	<0.001	Not applicable
CXCL2/MIP-2	12	22	0.012	25	0.002	NS
CCL20/MIP-3	3634	5454	0.014	6738	0.014	NS

value: significance value between (LPS/IFN-) and (LPS/IFN- + substance) treatment.
^bNS: not significant.
^cBelow level of detection.