Research Article
Immune Activation, Immunosenescence, and Osteoprotegerin as Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Subclinical HIV-Associated Atherosclerosis
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of study population.
| | | HIV+ | HIV− | P value |
| | Age (M ± SD) | 47.4 ± 11.4 | 48 ± 9 | P = 0.432 | | Sex | 72 M, 22 F | 18 M, 6 F | P = 0.581 | | Smoke status (, %) | | | | | No | 49 (52.1%) | 15 (62.5%) | P = 0.745 | | Yes | 45 (47.9%) | 9 (37.5%) | P = 0.669 | | CD4+ (mmc) (M ± SD) | 685.8 ± 395.5 | 770 ± 221 | P = 0.485 | | CD4+ % (M ± SD) | 27.3 ± 7.6 | 36 ± 9.3 | P = 0.563 | | CD4+ (mmc) nadir (M ± SD) | 242.3 ± 227.6 | — | n.a. | | CD4+ % nadir (M ± SD) | 14.7 ± 9.6 | — | n.a. | | HIV-RNA zenith (cp/mL) (M ± SD) | 297218.1 ± 114812.4 | — | n.a. | | HIV-RNA (cp/mL) | 37 | <37 | n.a. | | ART (, %) | 94/94 (100%) | — | n.a. | | PI based regimen | 59/94 (62.7%) | | | | NNRTI based regimen | 35/94 (37.3%) | | | | CMV serostatus (, %) | 94/94 (100%) | 24/24 (100%) | n.a. | | Lipid-lowering therapy | | | | | No | 94 (100%) | 24 (100%) | n.a | | Yes | 0 | 0 | | | SBP (mmHg) | 120.3 ± 12.5 | 116.8 ± 18.4 | P = 0.362 | | DBP (mmHg) | 80.2 ± 10.6 | 83.5 ± 12.1 | P = 0.175 | | Triglycerides (mg/dL) (M ± SD) | 145.3 ± 80.9 | 109.6 ± 42 | P = 0.921 | | Cholesterol total (mg/dL) (M ± SD) | 188.3 ± 47.4 | 144.3 ± 37.4 | P = 0.875 | | Cholesterol HDL (mg/dL) (M ± SD) | 48 ± 14.6 | 53.2 ± 16.6 | P = 0.396 | | Cholesterol LDL (mg/dL) (M ± SD) | 114 ± 46.3 | 102.5 ± 22.4 | P = 0.581 | | Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21 ± 2.2 | 19 ± 2.7 | P = 0.497 | | Framingham score (%) | 7.1 ± 2.8 | 3.2 ± 2.1 | P = 0.694 |
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M: mean; SD: standard deviation; ART: antiretroviral therapy; PI: protease inhibitor; NNRTI: nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; CMV: cytomegalovirus; SBP: cystolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein.
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