Relationship between Early Inflammatory Response and Clinical Evolution of the Severe Multiorgan Failure in Mechanical Circulatory Support-Treated Patients
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of patients and perioperative data.
All cases
max tSOFA score < 11
max tSOFA score ≥ 11
()
(Group A = 32)
Outcome + (group B = 8)
Outcome − (group C = 13)
Age, years
54 (48–61)
52 (45–58)
53 (49–62)
57 (52–66)
0.052
Male gender, (%)
49 (93)
31 (97)
7 (88)
11 (85)
0.313
INTERMACS profile, (%)
0.610
1
15 (28)
8 (25)
2 (25)
5 (38)
2
15 (28)
10 (31)
2 (25)
3 (23)
3
22 (42)
14 (44)
4 (50)
4 (31)
4
1 (2)
—
—
1 (8)
Etiology, (%):
0.318
DCM
30 (57)
20 (63)
5 (63)
5 (39)
ICM
22 (41)
12 (37)
3 (37)
7 (53)
Myocarditis
1 (2)
—
—
1 (8)
MAP, mmHg
75 (70–85)
78 (72–85)
75 (69–83)
73 (68–83)
0.499
LVEF, %
21 (18–26)
23 (18–26)
26 (19–28)
20 (16–21)
0.045
LVEDV, mL
260 (190–312)
260 (190–330)
239 (174–326)
237 (161–292)
0.466
RAP, mmHg
6 (4–10)
5 (3–8)
8 (4–15)
9 (4–16)
0.163
PCWP, mmHg
24 (18–30)
24 (15–30)
23 (10–33)
24 (19–31)
0.865
CI, L/min/m2
1.69 (1.36–2.00)
1.70 (1.51–2.08)
1.32 (1.07–1.47)*
1.69 (1.45–1.83)
0.023
Treatments, (%)
ACEi + ATII
34 (67)
21 (68)
5 (63)
8 (67)
0.961
Beta-blocker
31 (61)
20 (65)
6 (75)
5 (42)
0.259
Statins
13 (27)
9 (30)
2 (25)
2 (18)
0.745
Diuretics
39 (77)
25 (81)
7 (88)
7 (58)
0.219
Inotropic
37 (71)
23 (72)
5 (63)
9 (75)
0.824
Inotropic equivalents,
5 (0–10)
4 (0–9)
4 (0–8)
9 (1–13)
0.335
IABP, (%)
22 (43)
13 (42)
2 (25)
7 (58)
0.329
WBC, 109/L
8.4 (7.1–11.4)
8.8 (7.2–11.9)
8.5 (5.6–17.2)
8.4 (6.5–9.4)
0.580
INR
1.2 (1.1–1.4)
1.2 (1.0–1.5)
1.2 (1.1-1.2)
1.2 (1.1–1.4)
0.407
Lactate, mg/dL
1.0 (0.8–1.8)
1.2 (0.8–1.7)
1.0 (0.7–1.8)
1.0 (0.8–2.8)
0.814
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2
80 (58–100)
86 (74–116)
57 (50–76)*
59 (42–76)*
0.001
t-Bil, mg/dL
1.04 (0.63–1.86)
0.98 (0.61–1.89)
1.28 (0.89–2.37)
0.84 (0.57–1.91)
0.482
tSOFA score,
5 (3–7)
4 (2–6)
5 (3–7)
6 (5–10)
0.051
Perioperative data
Surgery time, min
310 (255–375)
308 (270–368)
340 (308–383)
275 (213–390)
0.312
CPB time, min
83 (68–102)
81 (65–104)
88 (68–122)
84 (72–96)
0.828
Data are expressed as median and interquartile range (25th–75th) or number (percentage). ACEi: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; t-Bil: total Bilirubin; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CI: cardiac index; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass; DCM: dilated cardiomyopathy; ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtrate rate; IABP: intra-aortic balloon pump; ICM: ischemic cardiomyopathy; INR: international normalized ratio; INTERMACS: Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDV: left ventricular end-diastolic volume; MAP: mean arterial pressure; PCWP: pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; RAP: right atrial pressure; tSOFA: total sequential organ failure assessment; WBC: white blood cell count; +: positive; −: negative. versus group A patients by Bonferroni post-hoc test.
