Active Smoking Increases Microsomal PGE₂-Synthase-1/PGE-Receptor-4 Axis in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Table 2

Transcript levels of COX isoenzymes and mPGES-1 in the AAA samples stratified by cardiovascular risk factors. The number of patients in every group is indicated in Table 1. Data are expressed as relative to β-actin x1000.

	Median	25th–75th percentile	𝑃 value versus no-factor^a
COX-1
No current smoking	10.7	7.68–14.3
Current smoking	11.6	9.47–18.7	0.109
No renal insufficiency	10.9	8.50–16.3
Renal insufficiency	10.7	7.78–15.8	0.896
No hypertension	10.8	9.62–16.1
Hypertension	10.7	7.49–15.8	0.419
No diabetes mellitus	11.0	8.67–15.9
Diabetes mellitus	9.71	6.48–15.1	0.365
No hyperlipidemia	12.3	8.20–16.1
Hyperlipidemia	10.6	8.39–14.3	0.457
No COPD^b	11.0	8.45–15.9
COPD	10.4	8.07–15.3	0.695
COX-2
No current smoking	10.1	4.68–15.8
Current smoking	10.3	5.34–17.6	0.604
No renal insufficiency	9.27	5.25–18.7
Renal insufficiency	10.9	5.30–14.6	0.678
No hypertension	8.57	5.09–16.7
Hypertension	10.4	5.70–16.0	0.695
No diabetes mellitus	9.27	4.70–15.9
Diabetes mellitus	11.6	6.90–24.7	0.188
No hyperlipidemia	9.28	5.36–16.5
Hyperlipidemia	10.6	5.09–15.8	0.990
No COPD^b	10.1	5.20–16.5
COPD	10.6	5.60–15.0	0.889
mPGES-1
No current smoking	2.42	1.16–4.08
Current smoking	3.46	2.33–4.95	0.009
No renal insufficiency	2.69	1.24–3.82
Renal insufficiency	2.69	1.90–4.67	0.245
No hypertension	2.87	1.74–3.67
Hypertension	2.66	1.48–4.46	0.735
No diabetes mellitus	2.78	1.50–4.26
Diabetes mellitus	2.47	1.20–4.36	0.606
No hyperlipidemia	2.66	2.06–3.65
Hyperlipidemia	2.76	1.20–4.51	0.798
No COPD^b	2.39	1.16–4.09
COPD	2.90	2.35–4.75	0.06

aMann-Whitney Rank Sum Test.
^bChronic obstructive pulmonary disease.