Active Smoking Increases Microsomal PGE₂-Synthase-1/PGE-Receptor-4 Axis in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Table 5

Transcript levels of PGE receptors in the AAA samples stratified by cardiovascular risk factors. The number of patients in every group is indicated in Table 1. Data are expressed as relative to β-actin x1000.

	Median	25th–75th percentile	𝑃 value versus no-factor^a
EP-2
No current smoking	3.98	2.53–8.63
Current smoking	4.84	2.42–7.46	0.811
No renal insufficiency	3.98	2.66–9.05
Renal insufficiency	4.49	2.41–7.72	0.653
No hypertension	4.58	2.42–8.22
Hypertension	4.10	2.56–8.41	0.946
No diabetes mellitus	3.98	2.45–7.24
Diabetes mellitus	5.27	2.88–23.6	0.115
No hyperlipidemia	3.91	2.38–6.60
Hyperlipidemia	5.31	2.82–12.0	0.068
No COPD^b	3.98	2.51–9.82
COPD	4.95	2.60–7.46	0.846
EP-3
No current smoking	2.80	1.30–6.18
Current smoking	3.41	2.16–6.32	0.202
No renal insufficiency	2.68	1.47–4.74
Renal insufficiency	3.36	1.94–8.02	0.172
No hypertension	3.12	1.98–5.74
Hypertension	3.06	1.45–6.30	0.484
No diabetes mellitus	3.18	1.87–5.67
Diabetes mellitus	1.94	0.64–10.4	0.305
No hyperlipidemia	3.47	1.82–7.19
Hyperlipidemia	2.54	1.46–5.32	0.288
No COPD^b	3.16	1.49–6.05
COPD	2.95	1.92–6.21	0.853
EP-4
No current smoking	4.29	3.24–6.49
Current smoking	5.93	4.87–8.92	0.007
No renal insufficiency	4.63	3.47–6.25
Renal insufficiency	5.70	3.45–7.72	0.259
No hypertension	4.89	3.94–7.72
Hypertension	4.93	3.45–6.61	0.394
No diabetes mellitus	4.92	3.48–6.66
Diabetes mellitus	4.71	1.82–7.96	0.678
No hyperlipidemia	4.90	3.26–6.61
Hyperlipidemia	4.91	3.51–7.32	0.678
No COPD^b	4.90	3.52–6.57
COPD	5.20	2.41–7.61	0.896

aMann-Whitney rank sum test.
^bChronic obstructive pulmonary disease.