Palmitoleic Acid (N-7) Attenuates the Immunometabolic Disturbances Caused by a High-Fat Diet Independently of PPARα

Figure 4

Activity of citrate synthase (a), succinate dehydrogenase (b), malate dehydrogenase (c), complex I (d), and complex II-III (e) in WT mice fed with standard diet (SD) or C57 and PPARα-knockout (KO) mice fed with a high-fat diet and treated with oleic acid (HFD) or palmitoleic acid (HFD PMA). The data are presented as mean ± SEM. ^∗𝑃<0.05 versus WT SD; ^##𝑃<0.01 HFD versus HFD PMA; and ^$$𝑃<0.05 KO versus the respective C57 control (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction).

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