Animal Models of C-Reactive Protein

Table 1

CRP in transgenic mouse models.

	Genotype	Sex	Diet	Duration	Treatment	CRP (𝜇g/mL)	Cholesterol,; triglycerides (mg/dL)	Morphometry	Significance
Atherosclerotic lesion development
Paul et al., 2004 [5]	huCRPtg^+/ApoE^−/−	♂, ♀	SD	15 wks,; 29 wks	Turpentine	>100	400–800,; 60–120	Aortic sinus,; en face	𝑃<0.02 (♂): proatherogenic
Reifenberg et al., 2005 [6]	rbCRPtg^+/ApoE^−/−	♂, ♀	Protein-rich	20 wks,; 52 wks	—	<30	400–600,; 100–200	Aorta, brachiocephalic arteries	n.s.
Trion et al., 2005 [7]	huCRPtg^+/E3L	♂, ♀	Cholesterol-rich	25 wks,; 30 wks	—	<30	510–670,; 100–150	Aortic sinus	n.s.
Hirschfield et al., 2005 [8]	huCRPtg^+/ApoE^−/−	♂	SD	12 wks,; 20 wks,; 56 wks	—	<30	70–820,; 40–440	Aortic sinus	n.s.
Tennent et al., 2007 [9]	huCRPtg^+/ApoE^−/−	♂	SD	77 wks	—	1.51–15.91	101–685,; 57–159	Brachiocephalic arteries	n.s.
Kovacs et al., 2007 [10]	huCRPtg^+/LDLR^−/−	♂	SD	15 wks,; 30 wks,; 40 wks,; 50 wks	—	2.4–5.18	308–377,; 124–199	Aortic sinus,; en face	𝑃<0.05: antiatherogenic
Torzewski et al., 2008 [11]	huCRPtg^+/LDLR^−/−	♂	WTD	4 wks,; 8 wks,; 12 wks.	—	~10	1668–2555,; 741–1424	Aortic sinus,; en face	n.s
Teupser et al., 2011 [12]	CRP^−/−/ApoE^−/−,; CRP^−/−/LDLR^−/−	♂, ♀	SD,; low fat, semisynthetic diet	12 wks,; 16 wks,; 20 wks,; 36 wks	—	~7.5	414–615,; 143–327	Aortic sinus,; brachiocephalic arteries,; en face	n.s.
Thrombosis and neointima formation
Danenberg et al., 2003 [13]	huCRPtg^+/C57BL/6	♂	SD	12 wks	Femoral wire injury,; photochemical injury	18–56	—	Femoral arteries, LCCA	𝑃<0.02,; 𝑃<0.05: prothrombotic
Wang et al., 2005 [14]	huCRPtg^+/C57BL/6	♀	SD	28 days	Carotid artery injury	<30	—	Carotid arteries	𝑃<0.05: vascular injury (neointima formation)
Hage et al., 2010 [15]	huCRPtg^+/C3^−/−	♀	SD	28 days	Carotid artery injury	<30	—	Carotid arteries	𝑃<0.05: vascular injury (neointima formation)

Note: hu: human; rb: rabbit; SD: standard diet; WTD: Western-type diet; wks: weeks; nCRP: native CRP; mCRP: modified CRP; LCCA: left common carotid artery; n.s.: not significant.