Hantaan Virus Infection Induces CXCL10 Expression through TLR3, RIG-I, and MDA-5 Pathways Correlated with the Disease Severity
Figure 3
HTNV infection activates TLR3, RIG-I, and MDA-5 signaling pathways. (a) In HUVEC model, both the HTNV infection and poly (I:C) stimulation for 48 h can induce the expression of CXCL10. However, mock HTNV infection and R848 treatment for 48 h failed to raise the expression of CXCL10. (b) Real-time PCR screened out that TLR3, RIG-I, and MDA-5 upregulated after HTNV infection for 48 h. (c) WB results indicated that the protein expressions of TLR3, RIG-I, and MDA-5 increased at 24 h and 48 h post-HTNV infection. (d) When transfected into HUVECs for 24 h with siRNA (upper panel), specific to TLR3, RIG-I, or MDA-5, respectively, and then infected the cells with HTNV (MOI = 1) for another 48 h, the expressions of CXCL10 reduced (lower panel). All the experiments were repeated more than three times. mRNA data were generated from three independent experiments with three independent HUVECs donors. Data were means ± SE. *, HTNV infected or poly (I:C) treated versus medium treated cells; and siRNA specific to TLR3, RIG-I, or MDA-5, versus siNC treated cells.
