Interleukin-1 as a Common Denominator from Autoinflammatory to Autoimmune Disorders: Premises, Perils, and Perspectives

Table 5

Main scene players involving the role of interleukin-1 in the autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders described in this review.

Disease [reference]	Cells involved	Biologic platforms involved	Treatment [reference]
PFAPA syndrome [137, 138]	Mononuclear cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, Th1 cells	NLRP3 inflammasome	Anakinra [139, 140]
Rheumatoid arthritis [141–143]	T and B lymphocytes, plasma cells, synoviocytes	Metalloproteinases (collagenase, elastase)	Anakinra [167, 168],; canakinumab [171, 172]
Type 2 diabetes mellitus [173–181]	Macrophages, adipocytes, pancreatic β-cells	Oligomers of islet amyloid polypeptide,; NLRP3 inflammasome	Anakinra [182, 183, 253],; canakinumab [184–186],; gevokizumab [187–190]
Uveitis [192–194]	Th17 cells	NLRP3 inflammasome	Anakinra [73, 198],; canakinumab [118],; gevokizumab [199]
Pericarditis [22, 59, 212–218]	Dendritic cells, Th1 and Th17 cells, macrophages	Pyrin, p55 tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1	Anakinra [209, 224]
Behçet’s disease [226–231]	Monocytes/macrophages, Th1 and Th2 cells, neutrophils	P2X7 receptor, NLRP3 inflammasome	Anakinra [232–236],; canakinumab [228, 237, 238]
Gout and chondrocalcinosis [242–245]	Neutrophils, macrophages	Lysosomal and cytoplasmic enzymes, P2X7 receptor, NLRP3 inflammasome	Anakinra [247–253],; canakinumab [254–257],; rilonacept [258–261]
Sjögren syndrome [262–266, 272–275]	Mononuclear cells, Th1 and Th17 cells	Upregulation of caspase-11, STAT-1 activity, P2X7 receptor, NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-1/IL-Ra imbalance	Anakinra [277, 278]
Interstitial lung diseases [280, 281]	Alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, macrophages	NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-1/IL-Ra imbalance, transforming growth factor-	Anakinra [294, 295]
Still’s disease [300]	Macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, Th1 and Th17 cells, dendritic cells	NLRP3 inflammasome	Anakinra [301–324],; canakinumab [327, 328],; rilonacept [325, 326]