High-Salt Enhances the Inflammatory Response by Retina Pigment Epithelium Cells following Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation

Figure 3

Osmotic stress by itself had no effect on the secretion of cytokines by ARPE-19 cells. Cells were precultured with serum-free medium for 24 h and then stimulated by LPS and cultured with medium alone, medium containing 80 mM mannitol, or medium with extra 40 mM NaCl for 24 h. The secretion of IL-6 (a), MCP-1 (b), and IL-8 (c) was measured by ELISA. The data are expressed as means ± SD of three independent experiments. compared to the value of control, . Paired-samples t-test (when the difference between the two tested groups conforms to normal distribution) or Wilcoxon matched-pairs test (when the difference between the two tested groups does not conform to normal distribution) was used for statistical analyses for LPS control versus LPS + 80 mM mannitol or LPS + 40 mM NaCl in each group.

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