Dengue Virus Infection Causes the Activation of Distinct NF-κB Pathways for Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and TNF-α Expression in RAW264.7 Cells

Figure 1

DENV infection induces TNF-α production and iNOS/NO biosynthesis through new protein synthesis. (a) RAW264.7 cells infected with DENV serotype 2 PL046 were assessed for DENV NS1 expression by western blot analysis and for viral replication by a plaque assay. and , compared with untreated cells. (b, c, and d) ELISA, Griess’ reagent, and western blot analysis quantified the expression of TNF-α and iNOS/NO in DENV 2-infected cells for the different MOIs, the changes over time, and in the presence of cycloheximide (CHX) and actinomycin D (ACD). DMSO was used as the negative control. , , and , compared with untreated cells. , compared with DENV. ns: not significant. For western blot results, one set of representative data obtained from three independent experiments is shown. The relative ratio to β-actin based on densitometer quantification and analysis using ImageJ software is shown. For all experiments, the quantitative data shown represent mean ± SD values of three independent experiments.