Kaurenoic Acid Possesses Leishmanicidal Activity by Triggering a NLRP12/IL-1β/cNOS/NO Pathway

Figure 2

The effect of kaurenoic acid on macrophages is not associated with oxidative stress generation. Total antioxidant capacity (TRAP) (Panel (a)) and MDA levels (Panel (b)) were evaluated as markers of the oxidative status in supernatant or macrophages infected with L. amazonensis and treated with kaurenoic acid (50, 70, and 90 μM) for 24 h. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. (Significantly different from infected cells ()) (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test).

(a)

(b)