Exogenous S1P Exposure Potentiates Ischemic Stroke Damage That Is Reduced Possibly by Inhibiting S1P Receptor Signaling

Figure 3

Microglia and astrocytes are activated in the brain following S1P microinjection into the corpus callosum. S1P was microinjected into the corpus callosum (CC), and activation of microglia or astrocytes was assessed 1 day after microinjection. FTY720 (FTY) was administered 30 min prior to S1P microinjection. Representative microphotographs of brain sections immunolabeled against Iba1 (a) or GFAP (b) and their quantitative analysis in groups of vehicle (veh), S1P, and FTY + S1P. and , compared with the S1P-injected group (S1P) (Newman-Keuls test). per group. Scale bar, 200 (upper panel) or 50 µm (lower panel).

(a)

(b)