Moringa oleifera Flower Extract Suppresses the Activation of Inflammatory Mediators in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages via NF-κB Pathway

Figure 4

Effect of 80% hydroethanolic M. oleifera bioactive flower extracts on the production of cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, and PGE₂ by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. A density of 1 × 10⁶ cells/well of macrophages induced by LPS were seeded in 6-well plate and treated with indicated concentrations of flower extract and dexamethasone for 24 h. The supernatants were collected and analysed by ELISA kits. The data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. : LPS-treated group versus control; , , and : treated group significantly different from LPS-treated group. Control: basal level of cytokines released without LPS induction.

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