Clinical Study
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Retinopathy of Prematurity
Table 1
Risk factors for the development of ROP were comparable between monozygotic and dizygotic twins.
| | Variable | Monozygotics | Dizygotics | value | | (n = 38) | (n = 66) |
| | Gestational age (weeks) | 30.31 ± 1.3 | 30.24 ± 1.9 | p = 0.81 | | Degree of hyaline membrane | | | | | Degree 0 | 8 (21%) | 16 (24.2%) | p = 0.96 | | Degree I | 5 (13.2%) | 6 (9.1%) | p = 0.63 | | Degree II | 12 (31.6%) | 16 (24.1%) | p = 0.56 | | Degree III | 9 (23.7%) | 24 (36.4%) | p = 0.26 | | Degree IV | 4 (10.5%) | 4 (6.1%) | p = 0.66 | | Ductus arteriosus | 4 (10.5%) | 9 (13.6%) | p = 0.87 | | Days of intubation | 7.9 ± 10.1 | 5.2 ± 7.9 | p = 0.15 | | Attendance days with CPAP | 4.8 ± 4 | 5.4 ± 5 | p = 0.47 | | Attendance days with nasal cannula | 3.5 ± 4.9 | 5.9 ± 9.9 | p = 0.1 | | Cesarean birth (yes/no) | 34 (89.5%) | 61 (92.4%) | p = 0.87 | | Transfusions (yes/no) | 22 (57.9%) | 28 (42.4%) | p = 0.18 | | Apgar at 1 minute | 6.1 ± 3 | 6.2 ± 2.3 | p = 0.84 | | Apgar at 5 minutes | 6.9 ± 3.9 | 7.8 ± 2.6 | p = 0.19 | | Number of risk factors | 7.6 ± 2.2 | 7.6 ± 2.9 | p = 0.99 | | Sepsis (yes/no) | 14 (36.8%) | 18 (27.3%) | p = 0.42 | | Cerebral hemorrhage (yes/no) | 3 (7.9%) | 10 (15.1%) | p = 0.44 | | X-ray CT/scan alterations (yes/no) | 7 (18.4%) | 14 (21.2%) | p = 0.98 | | Maternal HTN (yes/no) | 8 (21%) | 10 (14.7%) | p = 0.61 | | Exchange transfusion (yes/no) | 6 (15.8%) | 8 (12.1%) | p = 0.81 | | Avascular area (papillary diameter) | 2.1 ± 1.7 | 2.4 ± 2.15 | p = 0.46 | | Age of the mother | 30.2 ± 5.5 | 33.1 ± 4.5 | | | Sex (male/female) | 20 (52.6%) | 30 (45.4%) | p = 0.61 | | Weight gain (gr/day) 4–6 weeks | 12.4 ± 8.1 | 12.6 ± 6.4 | p = 0.91 | | Birth weight (gr/100) | 12.3 ± 2.5 | 12.8 ± 2.9 | p = 0.41 | | Retinopathy (yes/no) | 15 (39.5%) | 30 (45.4%) | p = 0.69 |
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