Serum Uric Acid Increases Risk of Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Summary meta-analysis results for the association between SUA levels and cancer.

Group/subgroup	Number	RR (95% CI)	value for pooled analysis	(%)	value for heterogeneity analysis
Cancer incidence
All	456,053	1.03 (1.01–1.05)	0.007	44.7	0.124
Men	162,022	1.05 (1.02–1.08)	0.002	53.8	0.115
Women	88,547	1.01 (0.98–1.04)	0.512	—	—
Specific sites
Any	250,569	1.03 (1.01–1.05)	0.006	57.9	0.068
Respiratory system and intrathoracic organs	456,053	1.05 (0.93–1.19)	0.448	67.5	0.015
Digestive organs	266,347	1.08 (0.94–1.25)	0.263	63.4	0.018
Urinary organs	86,739	1.17 (0.44–3.15)	0.752	82.3	0.018
Lymphoid and hematopoietic systems	86,739	1.71 (1.10–2.68)	0.018	30.0	0.232
Male genital organs	162,022	1.06 (1.00–1.13)	0.058	56.1	0.103
Cancer mortality
All	632,472	1.17 (1.04–1.32)	0.010	65.8	0.001
Men	201,052	1.13 (0.86–1.48)	0.384	77.5	<0.001
Women	58,945	1.25 (1.07–1.45)	0.004	30.0	0.240
Specific sites
Any	561,232	1.17 (1.04–1.32)	0.011	70.7	0.001
Respiratory system and intrathoracic organs	116,646	1.08 (0.61–1.91)	0.786	78.2	0.010
Digestive organs	187,886	1.27 (1.08–1.49)	0.003	40.1	0.124
Urinary organs	112,296	1.35 (0.88–2.07)	0.172	0.0	0.681
Lymphoid and hematopoietic systems	112,296	1.18 (0.82–1.70)	0.364	0.0	0.837
Bone, connective tissue, soft tissue, and skin	112,296	0.94 (0.47–1.87)	0.857	0.0	0.588
Male genital organs	88,033	0.51 (0.07–3.85)	0.516	75.5	0.044