Captopril Pretreatment Produces an Additive Cardioprotection to Isoflurane Preconditioning in Attenuating Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rabbits and in Humans

Figure 2

Isoflurane (Iso) and captopril (Cap) attenuated postischemic myocardial cellular injury and reduced proinflammatory cytokines release in patients. (a) Plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI), (b) plasma creatine kinase- (CK-) MB, (c) plasma tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, (d) plasma interleukin- (IL-) 6, and (e) plasma intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM). Control: untreated control; Cap1hr: captopril treatment for 1 h before surgery (12.5 mg, p.o., 1 h before surgery); Cap3d: captopril treatment for 3 days (12.5 mg, p.o., 3 times a day) before surgery; Cap1hr+Iso: captopril treatment for 1 h in combination with inhalational isoflurane (Iso) at 1.1% end tidal concentration administrated for 30 min before CPB; Cap3d+Iso: captopril treatment for 3 days in combination with Iso before CPB. Data are shown as means ± SD, with per group. versus Baseline, and versus Control, and versus Cap1hr+Iso.

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