Conjugated Bilirubin Differentially Regulates CD4+ T Effector Cells and T Regulatory Cell Function through Outside-In and Inside-Out Mechanisms: The Effects of HAV Cell Surface Receptor and Intracellular Signaling

Figure 3

HAV-seropositive patients with low CB levels show an increase in the percentage of CD4+CD25+ TLs. PBLCs were separated from patients and controls. Cells were stained with anti-CD4-Alexa 488 and anti-CD25-PercP and then analyzed by using flow cytometry. Representative dot plot from (a) HAV+ patients with CB 0.3–2 mg/dL and (b) HAV+ patients with CB greater than 2 mg/dL are shown. (c) The results are displayed as the percentage of double positive cells for CD4 and CD25. The medians and the SD from 17 healthy donors, 17 patients with CB 0.3–2 mg/dL, and 15 patients with CB greater than 2 mg/dL are presented. Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis for comparison between groups was used to calculate statistical significance. was considered statistically significant. . The Spearman correlation coefficient for the percentage of CD4+CD25+ T cells and the CB levels in HAV+ patients was calculated in (d). (e) Th17 cytokines were evaluated in serum from patients with CB 0.3–2 mg/dL (), patients with CB greater than 2 mg/dL () and healthy donors () by MAGPIX Technology. Representative Heat map (pg/mL) of 40 controls and 71 patients is shown.