Depletion of Neutrophils Exacerbates the Early Inflammatory Immune Response in Lungs of Mice Infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Figure 4

Depletion of neutrophils increases levels of chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines in lungs of mice infected with P. brasiliensis during the early stages of infection. BALB/c mice were challenged intranasally with P. brasiliensis (Pb18) yeast cells and treated with an isotype control Ab or the anti-Ly6G mAb specific to neutrophils. Supernatants from lung homogenates of mice sacrificed at 96 h after infection were analyzed using a commercial kit and the Luminex System as described in Material and Methods. (a) chemokines (KC, LIX, MIP-2, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β) and (b) proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-15, IL-17, and TNF-α). Data shown represent median and IQR (-5 mice/group; representative of two independent experiments). and comparing infected-untreated mice versus control mice or comparing infected-anti-Ly6G mAb-treated mice versus infected-untreated mice. PBS, control mice; PBS + Iso, control mice treated with isotype control Ab (clone: 2A3); PBS + antineutrophils, control mice treated with anti-Ly6G mAb (clone: 1A8); Pb18, infected-untreated mice; Pb18 + Iso, infected mice treated with isotype control Ab; Pb18 + antineutrophils, infected mice treated with anti-Ly6G mAb; ns: not significant.

(a)

(b)