In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Three Fatty Acids from Royal Jelly

Figure 4

Effects of 10-H2DA, 10-HDAA, and SEA on LPS-induced IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were pretreated with/without indicated concentrations of 10-H2DA, 10-HDAA, or SEA for 1 h and then stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. Control values were obtained in the absence of LPS or the treatment. The values are presented as percentages of IL-6 (a), IL-10 (b), and TNF-α (c) in comparison with LPS-treated cells, respectively. The data are the means ± SEMs for three independent experiments. One-way ANOVA with the Student–Newman–Keuls method was performed to compare all groups; means with different letters are significantly different ().

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