Association of Heme Oxygenase 1 with Lung Protection in Malaria-Associated ALI/ARDS

Figure 1

The expression of HO-1 is higher in ALI/ARDS-developing mice compared to HP-developing mice. (a) Representative images of lung sections subject to immunohistochemistry for detection of HO-1 protein (brown), counterstained with hematoxylin. The graph represents the quantification of protein expression of HO-1 by immunohistochemistry on the 7th day after infection (DAI). Dashed line represents the average of values from noninfected mice. (Mann–Whitney test, , ). (b) Immunoblot of HO-1 and beta actin control (left). Protein levels of HO-1 measured by immunoblot densitometry (right). Values are expressed in HO-1 band densities adjusted by the beta actin control. (c) Expression of HO-1 mRNA levels in lungs of ALI/ARDS-developing mice and HP-developing mice (unpaired t-test, , ). (d) Values of HO-1 in lung cell lysates of ALI/ARDS versus HP-developing mice (Mann–Whitney test, , ). (e) Protein levels of HO-1 in the serum of ALI/ARDS-developing mice and HP-developing mice (Mann–Whitney test, , ). (f) Bilirubin levels in the serum of ALI/ARDS and HP infected mice. Bilirubin levels are significantly higher in ALI/ARDS than in noninfected mice (one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test , ). The dashed lines represent the average values of noninfected mice (minimum ). In graphs ((b) and (e)) the values of noninfected mice were equal or less than 0. In graphs with fold increase, the values of ALI/ARDS-developing and HP-developing mice are compared to the average values of noninfected mice.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)