Review Article

Dendritic Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From Pathogenic Players to Therapeutic Tools

Table 1

pDCs in SLE.

Markers used to identify subsetReferenceFrequencyPhenotypeFunction

BDCA2+ CD123+Tucci et al. [82]↓ in blood, correlated with LN and
↑ in kidney (more than other DC subsets)

BDCA2+ (blood) and
BDCA4+ (kidney)
Fiore et al. [78]↓ in blood in active disease and
↑ in kidney (more than other DC subsets)
DCs in kidney were immature (DC-LAMP), localized to tubulointerstitium, in clusters, and lacked dendrites

BDCA2+ Lin. HLA-DR+Migita et al. [77]↓ in blood

CD11c CD16 HLA-DR+Henriques et al. [80]↓ in blood in active disease

BDCA2+Kwok et al. [90]Normal in blood↓ IFNα production by PBMC per pDC upon CpG stimulation

BDCA2+ BDCA4+ CD123+Jin et al. [79]↑ in blood per total PBMCNormal HLA-DR, CD86, CD83, CCR7↑ T cell proliferation in MLR

BDCA2+ CD11cGerl et al. [81]naNormal HLA-DR, CD86, CD83, CCR7, CD40, BAFF, CCR1, and CCR5 and ↓ CMKLR1↑ basal and CCL19-specific migration

BDCA-2+ CD4+ CD11c LinHagberg and Rönnblom [86]↓ SLAMF5/CD84, SLAMF7/CRACC/CD319, normal SLAMF1, SLAMF2/CD48, SLAMF3/CD229, SLAMF4/CD244, and SLAMF6/CD352