Mediators of Inflammation

Review Article

Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in the Development of Lupus Nephritis

Target cells and roles of chemokine receptors and chemokines in lupus-prone mouse models of LN.


Chemokine receptor	Chemokine(s)	Roles	Reference(s)

CXCR5	CXCL13	Targets: B cells, B1 cells, Role: promote both systemic response and local renal inflammation	[24, 26, 30–32, 34]

CXCR4	CXCL12	Targets: B cells, CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ T cells, CD4⁺Foxp3⁻ T cells, plasma cells, neutrophils, monocytes, PEC Role: promote both systemic response and local renal inflammation	[39–42, 44]

CXCR3	CXCL9	Targets: CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells, B220⁺ cells, plasma cells, macrophages Role: promote local renal inflammation in MRL/lpr mice	[23, 48, 49]

CCR1	CCL3, 5	Targets: T cells, monocytes/macrophages Role: promote local renal inflammation	[26, 50, 51]

CCR5	CCL3, 5	Targets: T cells, Foxp3⁺ Treg cells, macrophages Role: negatively regulate systemic response and local renal inflammation	[51–53]

CCR2	CCL2	Target: macrophages Role: promote both systemic response and local renal inflammation	[52, 54–59]

CX3CR1	CX3CL1	Target: CD16⁺ cells Role: promote local renal inflammation	[60, 61]