Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Effects of Estradiol in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells during Staphylococcus aureus Internalization

Figure 1

Bovine mammary epithelial cell viability and S. aureus growth in the presence of E2. (a) bMECs were cultured with E2 and viability was determined by MTT assay at 24 h. (b) bMECs were cultured with the hormone and viability was calculated by a trypan blue exclusion assay. The number of viable bMECs/mL is shown. In all cases, concentrations evaluated were 1, 5, 10, 50, 150, 300, and 500 pg/mL. (c) S. aureus was cultured in the presence of E2 at different times during 24 h and bacteria viability was analyzed by MTT assay. (d) Bacterial growth was determined counting the CFUs of S. aureus treated with different concentrations of E2 during 24 h. Each point in (a), (b), (c), and (d) shows the mean of triplicates ± SE of three independent experiments. The vehicle corresponds to bMECs treated with 1% ethanol. Different letters indicate significant changes among the different incubation times ().

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