Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Rhapontici Radix Ethanol Extract via Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK and Induction of HO-1 in Macrophages

Figure 1

Effects of RRE on (a) cell viability and (b–e) production of inflammatory mediators in RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were pretreated with RRE for 1 h prior to 24 h incubation with LPS. (a) Cell viability was measured by CCK assay. (b) NO content in the conditioned media was determined using Griess reagent. Levels of (c) TNF-α, (d) IL-6, and (e) IL-1β in the media were measured by ELISA. As a control, cells were incubated with vehicle alone. Data represent the mean ± SD of duplicate determinations from three independent experiments. was calculated from comparing with LPS-stimulation value.

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