Serum Cytokines in Young Pediatric Patients with Congenital Cardiac Shunts and Altered Pulmonary Hemodynamics

Table 1

Demographic and diagnostic data in patient groups.

	Group I ()	Group II ()	value
Age (months)	8.6 (6.8–10.8)	12.7 (9.0–18.0)	0.068
Gender (M : F)	13 : 18	4 : 9	0.723^†
Down syndrome (present : absent)	21 : 10	10 : 3	0.722^‡
Weight (Kg)	6.01 (5.32–6.80)	6.73 (5.44–8.34)	0.537
O2 sat. (%)	96 (95–97)	92 (90–95)
Diagnosis^‖
A	1 (3%)	0 (0%)	0.573
B	17 (55%)	6 (46%)
C	13 (42%)	7 (54%)
Echocardiography
PAP (mmHg)	41 (34–49)	45 (38–53)	0.487
Qp/Qs	2.7 (2.3–3.0)	1.9 (1.4–2.6)
(cm)	23.3 (21.5–25.3)	20.2 (17.7–22.9)	0.080

Results are shown as geometric mean (95% CI) or number of cases and percentage.
Mann–Whitney test.
^†Chi-square test.
^‡Fisher’s exact test.
Likelihood ratio.
^‖A: pretricuspid defects, B: posttricuspid defects except for atrioventricular septal defects, C: atrioventricular septal defects.
O₂ sat.: peripheral oxygen saturation; Qp/Qs: pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio; PAP: mean pulmonary arterial pressure estimated based on pulmonary insufficiency jet velocity; : velocity-time integral of blood flow in pulmonary veins.